Differentials

Live Updates are smaller and faster if they include only the modified files from previous updates. This can be done using manifest file.

Why do I need manifest file?

If the original native app (ipa/apk) has a deploy manifest file(pro-manifest.json) inside the built web directory (www), when an update is received, the manifest file which includes a hash for every file in the www/ dir, is compared to the manifest included in the update and determines the files it needs to download. So that it can take advantage of reusing files/assets that may not have changed. This makes the update much smaller and faster, resulting in improved performance over slower connections.

If there isn't a manifest file in the bundled web app it will need to download all the files, resulting in unnecessary slower updates.

How do I generate manifest file?

If using Appflow for Native Builds

• If you are using Appflow to build the native builds, Appflow creates the manifest file for you and includes it in the static files. This leads to better subsequent deploys.

• This can be seen in Appflow right after the npm run build step alongside ionic info and before step: cap_sync

 Generating app manifest...
 $ ionic deploy manifest
 ▸ [OK] Appflow Deploy manifest written to ./www/pro-manifest.json!

If using Cordova and not using Appflow for Native Builds

• The manifest should be generated automatically on the cordova prepare event (Cordova hooks). No additional action required.

• Since Cordova takes care of this, any subsequent live deploys to the native build should download only the differentials.

If using Capacitor and not using Appflow for Native Builds

• For Capacitor you are required to generate the manifest files manually.

• This can be done by using the command ionic deploy manifest.

ionic deploy manifest
[OK] Appflow Deploy manifest written to ./www/pro-manifest.json!

Since the manifest file needs to be created after you have modified the web assets, you need to run this command after creating the web assets (npm run build) and before you copy or update the plugins and platforms using npx cap sync or npx cap copy

npm run build
ionic deploy manifest
npx cap sync

The simplest way to manage that locally is by adding it to the build script in package.json.

 "scripts": {
   "ng": "ng",
   "start": "ng serve",
   "build": "ng build; ionic deploy manifest",
  },

How do I know if my app contains a manifest file that is already built?

You can verify the Deploy manifest file by extracting the production .ipa/.apk file and checking for the presence of pro-manifest.json in the www/ dir. That should be an easy way to see if the manifest is being prepared correctly when you build for native.

Known Issues and Common Misconceptions

• Misconception

  If Native build is done locally and live updates are deployed using Appflow, only the first Live update is completely downloaded and subsequent downloads are faster.

  No, If the native build does not contain the manifest file, it is impossible for the deploy to know which files are already present. Therefore, all the files are downloaded with every update.

  Why is the pro-manifest.json file being deleted when I sync?

  The common misconception here is that npx cap sync ios should work the same way as npx cap sync, however specifying ios will include a build step that regenerates the www directory. Be sure to use npx cap sync.

• Known Issue

  There can be issues when the manifest is prepared on Windows owing to the way line endings are handled and commited. If you're building for native on Windows you may want to try a build using Appflow and see if you notice an improvement.